Having itchy skin for no reason is more common than you think. Some people describe these sensations as an invisible fire under the skin. This itching, often benign but uncomfortable, sometimes hides a skin imbalance or an underlying medical cause. Behind this discomfort, several factors may be involved: dryness, allergy, stress or internal illness. Dr. Gérald Kierzek, medical director of True Medical, takes stock of the main explanations and the right actions to adopt.
The most common causes of itching
“This is the most common cause of itching“, specifies Dr. Gérald Kierzek. “If your skin feels tight, peeling and appears rough, it is likely that you are suffering from xerosis, i.e. dry skin.“. Too hot baths, aggressive soaps or simple aging of the skin can weaken the epidermis.
To remedy this:
- Use superfatted soaps and moisturizers rich in ceramides;
- Avoid hot showers;
- Drink enough water to deeply rehydrate the skin.
Another common cause: skin allergies. “A skin allergy can cause redness, blisters or swelling, accompanied by severe itching“. Triggers can be a new cosmetic, a perfume, a detergent or even a food. The expert advises to identify the suspect product and apply a soothing cream. In the event of a strong reaction (hives or swelling), it is better to consult a doctor.
When the skin reacts to something else
Itching can also be a sign of a dermatological disease. Eczema, psoriasis or hives cause red patches, scabs or pimples. “Also adopt a gentle routine for your skin, avoiding perfumed products and limiting triggering factors (stress, cold, heat, etc.)“, recalls Dr. Kierzek.
Certain infections such as fungal infections, scabies, herpes, shingles or chickenpox are also responsible for intense itching. In this case, the doctor recommends a precise diagnosis and appropriate antifungal or antiviral treatment. “And above all, avoid scratching so as not to aggravate the infection.“.
Stress can also cause the skin to react.”When we are anxious, the body releases inflammatory substances that irritate the skin“To calm these reactions, relaxation, meditation or essential oils can help.”It is also advisable to use soothing essential oils (lavender, chamomile) and to consult a professional if stress becomes too overwhelming.“.
When should you consult a doctor?
In some cases, the problem goes beyond the skin. “Sometimes an itch without a visible rash can be a symptom of an underlying health problem. We then speak of pruritus sine materia“. Diseases of the liver, kidneys, blood or diabetes can cause these symptoms.
If the itching persists beyond two weeks, it is better to consult. “Consultation is also recommended in the event of unexplained fatigue, weight loss, associated fever and if conventional treatments bring no improvement.“, concludes Dr. Kierzek.