It is often thought that dehydration only occurs after intense exercise or heat stroke. In reality, it can appear much more quickly, especially during heatwaves, in children, the elderly or after an episode of diarrhea or vomiting. The good news? The earlier it is detected, the easier it is to act, according to Dr. Gérald Kierzek.
Mild dehydration: the first signs not to be neglected
At first, symptoms are often mild. However, they should already alert you.
“Dehydration often begins with discreet signs: thirst, dry mouth, darker and less frequent urine, slight fatigue or a slight headache. At this stage, the body mainly lacks water, without significant damage to the general condition. The situation can often be corrected quickly by drinking water in small sips and getting cool.”explains Dr. Gérald Kierzek, emergency physician and medical director of True Medical.
The ideal is, of course, not to wait until you are thirsty to drink. During hot weather, health authorities all broadcast the same key message: you must drink regularly, stay cool and limit physical exertion.
Moderate dehydration: better to react quickly
Warning: if the water loss continues, the symptoms become more pronounced.
“Intense thirst, dizziness, cramps, nausea, extreme weakness, very dry mucous membranes and scanty urine. The person may also seem depressed, have a heart beating faster and tolerate exercise less well. At this stage, you need to rehydrate quickly and actively, sometimes with an oral rehydration solution, especially if there is vomiting or diarrhea.”specifies the medical director of True Medical.
In this case, it is best to stay cool (ideally in an air-conditioned place), drink regularly and remain vigilant about the evolution of symptoms. If your condition does not improve quickly, it is best to consult a doctor.
Severe dehydration: a medical emergency
When dehydration becomes severe, every minute counts.
“This is an emergency. It can result in confusion, significant drowsiness, absence of tears or sweat, rapid breathing, rapid and weak pulse, mottled skin, discomfort or loss of consciousness. In this case, you should not wait: rapid medical attention is essential”alerts the emergency doctor.
In summary, in the event of confusion, discomfort or loss of consciousness, call for help immediately. These signs can announce a serious complication, especially in the most fragile people.
The most important thing is to act at the first symptoms. “The earlier we spot the first signs, the easier it is to avoid worsening. The simple rule is as follows: as soon as you are thirsty or have dark urine, you drink; as soon as dizziness, weakness or vomiting are added, we become wary; and in the event of confusion, discomfort or loss of consciousness, emergency services are called“, concludes Dr Gérald Kierzek.
To go further, find the official recommendations of the Ministry of Health on its website.