Cardiovascular risk factor, cholesterol is an important biological parameter to monitor. Yes, but from what age? Dr. Gérald Kierzek, emergency doctor, details key ages, exams and what to do according to the results.
At 20, a first assessment is recommended
According to our expert, “From 20 years old, a first lipid assessment is recommended“. For what purpose? This first examination allows, according to the doctor to measure total cholesterol, LDL (” bad “), HDL (” good “) and triglycerides.
A recommendation that the doctor recommends even more for people with family history. Like hypercholesterolemia, stroke or early infarction in a loved one. But also in the event of risk factors present in young people: diabetes, hypertension, smoking or obesity. “”Early screening makes it possible to act before the damage settles “ Recalls Dr. Kierzek.
Regular surveillance recommended in adulthood
Then, Dr. Kierzek advises more sustained follow -up from 40-50 years.
“”Surveillance every five years if the rates remain normal, if not more frequently “. The balance sheet must be made on an empty stomach (12 noon without eating), on medical prescription. It includes total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides, as well as complementary markers such as the LDL/HDL ratio.
In children and adolescents with family hypercholesterolemia, screening is also essential, because “The risk of early stroke is very high“.
Adapt your life and treatments according to the results
If the rates are normal, control every five years is enough, provided you adopt a balanced lifestyle. This involves a healthy diet and regular physical activity. In case of high cholesterol, a three -step plan is recommended, by our medical director.
“”First, hygieno-dietetic measureswith a reduced diet in saturated fat (cold cuts, cheese, red meat), rich in omega – 3 (fatty fish, nuts, rapeseed oil) and soluble fibers (oats, legumes) “ he details. “”A daily physical activity of at least 30 minutes, such as fast walking or bicycle, is essential, as is tobacco stop, since smoking accentuates cardiovascular risks “.
Then a drug treatment Maybe if these efforts do not damage LDL enough. “”On the front line, statins such as Atorvastatin, then, if necessary, ezetimibe or anti -PCSK9 for the most resistant cases “ estimates Dr. Kierzek.
Finally, increased monitoring is essential. “”Lipid assessments every 3 to 6 months under treatment, and screening for cardiovascular complications, with examinations like ECG or carotid echo – if the risk of stroke is high “ advise our expert. Because a high level of high cholesterol is never trivial and must be taken care of, to return to normal.