Modes of contamination
Can we catch the legionellosis by drinking tap water or hot water tank?
No. The bacteria is not transmitted by ingestion. The risk comes mainly from the inhalation of fine water droplets (showers, misty, spas, etc.).
Is the legionellosis transmit from person to person?
No. It is an environmental infection: legionellosis is not transmitted between individuals.
Can we be contaminated by taking a shower or a bath?
Yes, especially by taking a shower, because it generates aerosols (water microgoutlets). The risk is very low in a bath, unless the water is projected in the form of vapor or bubbles.
Does the water from domestic air conditioners have a risk?
Not for classic air air conditioners. On the other hand, poorly maintained water cooling systems (aerorefrigerant towers) can be sources of contamination.
Can decorative fountains or fogger transmit legionellosis?
Yes. If they are not regularly cleaned and disinfected, these devices can house legionella and broadcast contaminated aerosols.
Are swimming pools, spas and jacuzzis at risk at risk?
Yes, especially the spas and jacuzzis, because the temperature and the formation of bubbles promote the proliferation of legionella and their diffusion in the air. Well -maintained swimming pools have much less risks.
Do the aerorefrigerant towers of buildings represent a danger for residents?
Yes, if they are poorly maintained. They can spread the bacteria over several hundred meters via the vapor plumes.
Is there a risk of inhalation contamination of steam in the kitchen (pots, kettles)?
No. Water heated in a saucepan or kettle quickly reaches temperatures too high to allow the survival of legionella.
Prevention and good practices
How to adjust the temperature of my hot water tank to limit the risk?
It is recommended to maintain water at 60 ° C minimum in the ball and At least 50 ° C at the point of use, in order to prevent the growth of legionella.
Should you regularly drain or maintain your hot water tank?
Yes. Regular emptying and descaling are advised because tartar and stagnation promote bacterial development.
Does the water run before using it reduces the risk of legionella?
Yes, especially after a period of stagnation (holidays, unoccupied accommodation). Pouring hot and cold water for a few minutes allows you to renew the circuit.
What to do after a long absence (vacation, unoccupied accommodation) to avoid contamination?
Pour the hot and cold water abundantly, including shower, before using them. Ideally, put the hot water tank in operation before the return to reach the right temperature.
What devices or installations should be maintained regularly to prevent legionellosis?
- Balloons and water heaters;
- Taps and shower (descaling, purge);
- Air conditioners or water coolant;
- Spas, jacuzzis, decorative fountains and misty.
Does the use of filters or water purifiers protect against legionellosis?
Not directly. Filters can retain certain bacteria, but the main risk remains linked to aerosols. Regular maintenance of installations is more effective.
Do fragile people (immunocompromised, elderly, smokers) take special precautions?
Yes. These people are more at risk of developing serious legionellosis. They must avoid risky exposure (spas, poorly maintained decorative fountains) and favor well -monitored water installations.
Is there a chemical treatment or a simple product to use to disinfect domestic installations?
Yes. Vinegar descaling for shower and taps, as well as occasional disinfection with bleach or specific products, is effective. For balloons, a professional interview may be necessary.
What are the maintenance obligations for establishments open to the public (hotels, hospitals, swimming pools, etc.)?
They must set up a strict monitoring and maintenance plan (temperatures, regular analyzes, disinfection). The regulations require regular controls and corrective actions in the event of legionella detection.