Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most feared complications after childbirth. Although it is taken care of by medical teams, it remains an obstetric emergency which requires rapid intervention. In a video published by Mon.Gyneco, Dr Olivier Marpeau explains how to recognize this complication, why it occurs and what are the solutions to prevent it from endangering the mother’s life.
Why might postpartum hemorrhage occur?
We speak of postpartum hemorrhage when a woman loses at least 500 ml of blood in the 24 hours after giving birth. This complication affects approximately one in ten deliveries. In France, it is responsible for around seven maternal deaths each year, hence the importance of systematic monitoring of young mothers for at least two hours after birth.
According to the expert, the most common cause is uterine atony, that is, a uterus that does not contract sufficiently after delivery. This poor contraction can be favored by the presence of placental residue, a particularly long labor or even uterine fibroids. Other situations can also cause significant bleeding, such as a tear in the cervix or vagina, or more rarely a bleeding disorder.
Warning signs to never ignore
The main symptom is heavy bleeding that does not subside after childbirth. It may be accompanied by a feeling of great weakness, dizziness, even discomfort or loss of consciousness.
Faced with these signs, it is essential to immediately notify the medical team or call for help if the hemorrhage occurs after returning home. The earlier treatment is received, the lower the risk of complications.
How do doctors handle this emergency?
To reduce the risk of hemorrhage, caregivers generally administer oxytocin just after birth to help the uterus contract. If this is not enough, they may remove any placental residue and use other medications, such as prostaglandins, to strengthen uterine contractions. Tears are also repaired when they are responsible for the bleeding.
In more serious situations, more invasive treatments may be necessary, such as embolization of the uterine arteries or, as a last resort, a hysterectomy to stop the bleeding. As the expert points out, every minute counts: rapid care is essential to preserve the health and life of the mother.