This week, several references of cheeses have been removed from emergency rays due to possible contamination by the Listeria monocytogenes. This national health alert recalls that this discreet but formidable bacteria can cause a serious infection: listeriosis. A disease suspected of having caused the death of two people and led about twenty to the hospital.
Long incubation and variable symptoms
According to Dr Gérald Kierzek, emergency doctor, “Listeriosis is a dangerous infection that can go unnoticed in its benign forms, but become serious in some patients“.
After ingestion of a contaminated product, the first signs may appear between two days and … eight weeks later. This very variable period often complicates the diagnosis. In addition, the symptoms can arise suddenly or settle gradually.
In light forms, we generally observe a moderate fever around 38 ° C, muscle pain close to a flu, as well as digestive disorders such as nausea, diarrhea or vomiting.
On the other hand, certain demonstrations must alert immediately: strong migraines accompanied by a stiff neck (which can evoke meningitis), confusion, difficulties of concentration or persistent fever despite the paracetamol.
Increased risks for the most fragile
In pregnant women, a simple fever associated with the consumption of a risk product must lead to consulting without delay.
“”Grippal symptoms in pregnant women should always be taken seriously, as listeriosis can cause miscarriage or infect the fetus “insists Dr. Kierzek.
Infants, the elderly or immunocompromised are also more vulnerable: the bacteria can cause sepsis, a generalized infection requiring emergency hospitalization.
How to react and protect yourself?
In the event of suspicion (presence of a fever and recent consumption of a recalled product, for example or in the event of neurological symptoms), you must consult immediately.
The diagnosis is based on a blood test and, if necessary, lumbar puncture in the event of suspicion of meningitis. “”The treatment will be based on antibiotics, with possible hospitalization for serious forms “ Indicates Dr. Kierzek.
Finally, “prevention remains the best weapon” recalls our expert.
“”Avoid food at risk for fragile people (raw milk cheeses, cold meats, smoked fish, raw sprouted seeds), bake animal products and leftovers well, and regularly clean your fridge, because the Listeria resists cold “ he concludes.