When the heat becomes overwhelming, swimming is often an obvious way to cool off. But certain habits, taken lightly, can turn out to be dangerous, even fatal. Among them, a gesture that is too often trivialized: pushing someone into the water.
A dangerous game with serious consequences
During moments of relaxation with friends or family, the temptation is great to tease each other, sometimes by pushing a loved one into a swimming pool, a lake or the sea. However, this gesture, which may seem amusing, carries real dangers.
One of the main risks is hydrocution. This is a violent reaction of the body to a sudden change in temperature. When you are hot, blood vessels are dilated. A sudden dip in cold water then causes these vessels to contract rapidly.
Thermal shock can cause loss of consciousness
“Pushing someone into water can cause hydrocution, a sudden thermal shock that can lead to drowning“, explains Dr. Gérald Kierzek. This physiological shock should not be taken lightly. “Cold water causes a sudden contraction of the vessels, which sharply increases blood pressure“, he specifies. The heart can then be put in difficulty, and the person lose consciousness.
A simple discomfort is sometimes enough to cause a tragedy. “This violent reaction can cut off breathing and lead to drowning, even in shallow water.“, alerts the doctor.
Risky situations to avoid before swimming
The risk of hydrocution is further increased in certain circumstances. After a heavy meal, significant physical exertion or prolonged exposure to the sun, the body is in a state of vulnerability.
“You should never bathe immediately after a heavy meal, prolonged exposure to the sun or intense physical exertion.“, warns Dr Kierzek. Alcohol, which disrupts alertness and the cardiovascular system, is also an aggravating factor.
To enter the water without danger, the key word is progressiveness. It’s necessary “gradually enter the water, starting by wetting your neck, face and torso“. So forget the sudden dives or jumps – and even more so the jokes that involve pushing someone without warning.
Simple reflexes to avoid drama
Every summer, preventable drownings occur due to lack of vigilance or precaution. Constant supervision of children is essential, as is choosing safe bathing places.
“Never let a child swim alone and always use supervised areas.“, insists Dr. Kierzek.
In the event of discomfort in the water, rapid intervention can save a life. “Get the person out of the water quickly, without putting yourself in danger“, recommends the doctor. Once on dry land, lay the victim on their back, keeping their head to the side if they vomit.
“Call emergency services immediately by dialing 15 or 112. If the person is unconscious and no longer breathing, immediately start cardiac massage combined with mouth-to-mouth“, he concludes.